1. How does Apple plan to reach zero net emissions by 2030?
As a large global company, we believe it’s our responsibility to take strong, decisive, and inclusive steps to mitigate our impact on the climate. We’re committed to our ambitious, science-based Apple 2030 goal to become carbon neutral across our value chain. Our aim is to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions by 75% compared with 2015, before balancing the remaining emissions with carbon credits that adhere to rigorous international standards. And we’re directing our efforts toward decarbonizing the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Our 2030 goal is more aggressive than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s recommendation for global carbon neutrality, and we’ve already made progress by cutting emissions across our carbon footprint by over 60% relative to our 2015 footprint.
2. How does Apple conduct its Product Greenhouse Gas Life Cycle Assessment?
When conducting a product life cycle assessment (LCA), we calculate carbon emissions using the 100-year time horizon global warming potentials from the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, 2023 (AR6) GWP100, including biogenic carbon. There is inherent uncertainty in modeling carbon emissions due primarily to data limitations. For the top component contributors to Apple’s carbon emissions, Apple addresses this uncertainty by developing detailed process-based environmental models with Apple-specific parameters. For the remaining elements of Apple’s carbon footprint, we rely on industry-average data and assumptions. See details on our approach to carbon modeling in the 2026 Environmental Progress Report (PDF), opens in new tab.
3. Does Apple have an Environmental Health and Safety Policy?
Yes. Apple is committed to protecting the environment and the health and safety of our employees, our customers, and the global communities in which we operate. For more information, read our Environmental Health and Safety Policy Statement (PDF), opens in new tab.
4. How does Apple restrict substances that are hazardous to human health and the environment?
Apple’s Regulated Substances Specification details a broad range of substances that are restricted or banned from use in Apple products, packaging, and manufacturing. All Apple products conform to the European Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive, which restricts the use of lead and other substances. Apple defines a material as RoHS compliant if it conforms to European Union Directive 2011/65/EU and its amendments, including exemptions for the use of lead. Apple is working to phase out the use of these exempted substances where technically possible. As a result of our approach to substances, many of Apple’s restrictions exceed regulatory requirements. View Apple’s Regulated Substances Specification (PDF), opens in new tab to learn more about our efforts to reduce and eliminate hazardous substances.
5. Does Apple restrict brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) from its products?
Yes. Apple defines a material as BFR‑free and PVC‑free if there is no intentional use and it otherwise contains less than 900 parts per million (ppm) of bromine and of chlorine. Apple led the industry in the phaseout of BFRs and PVC, and this 900-ppm limit is now standard in the electronics industry. If BFRs or PVC were present, the bromine or chlorine levels would need to be significantly higher than 900 ppm in order to be effective.
Apple’s phaseout of BFRs and PVC covers all new Apple product designs manufactured since 2009, all Beats products manufactured since 2016, and Beddit Sleep Monitors manufactured since late 2018. While Apple’s phaseout covers the vast majority of products and components, some older Apple product designs may not be fully BFR‑free and PVC‑free. However, these products, including their replacement parts and accessories, were still designed to meet regulatory requirements.
Power cords in Thailand, India, and South Korea contain PVC due to country-specific requirements. We continue to seek approval for our PVC replacement.
6. How is Apple complying with REACH?
REACH is a European Union regulation governing the safe use of chemicals. As part of this regulation, the European Chemicals Agency periodically publishes a candidate list of Substances of Very High Concern (SVHCs) that manufacturers must disclose if present in articles above 0.1% by weight. Based on the current version of the candidate list, Apple has made available a list of products that contain SVHCs above the disclosure threshold. Learn more in the Regulatory Information (PDF), opens in new tab. It’s important to understand that the presence of an SVHC in a product does not automatically indicate a safety concern. Apple designs its products to be safe for our customers and the environment. The presence of these SVHCs in Apple products does not pose a safety risk to users under normal usage.
7. Does Apple use ozone-depleting substances?
No ozone‑depleting chemicals (ODCs) are used in any processes to manufacture product components and materials, or product packaging materials used by Apple, as stipulated by the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.
8. How is Apple helping to accelerate a circular economy?
When products can be used longer, fewer resources need to be extracted from the earth to make new ones. Designing for longevity is a companywide effort, informing our earliest decisions long before the first prototype is built. We are continuously striving to increase product longevity through new design and manufacturing technologies, ongoing software support, and expanded access to repair services. We also make it easy for customers to give their products a second life by simplifying the process to securely wipe their devices in preparation for resale or trade-in. Our approach is working. Apple leads the industry in longevity as measured by the value of our secondhand products, increasing product lifespans, and decreasing service rates.
Apple made public an ambition to one day make products using only renewable or recycled materials. And, where possible, we aim to contribute material back to the market for Apple or others to use. With advancements like Daisy, Dave, and Taz, our disassembly robots, we can recover more materials at a higher quality than through traditional recycling processes.
We have initiatives in place to ensure that the materials we use in our products are sourced responsibly — through strict standards and programs that drive positive change. We are continuing that commitment, but we are also challenging ourselves to make our products without extracting finite resources from the earth. It’s an ambitious goal that will require years of collaboration across Apple teams, our suppliers, and recyclers — but our work is already underway.
For more information on our progress to date, read the 2026 Environmental Progress Report (PDF), opens in new tab.
9. Where can I find the product sheet on environmental qualities and characteristics, as required by the AGEC law?
The product sheet on environmental qualities and characteristics is a requirement in France, under Article 13 of the Circular Economy law (AGEC). Apple has made this information available for its products on the Product sheet on environmental qualities and characteristics web page.
10. How can I replace the battery in my Apple device?
You can learn more about servicing and recycling your battery by visiting our Battery Service and Recycling page.
11. Does Apple offer repair for its products?
We design our products to be durable and long-lasting with minimal need for repair. But we believe that if a repair is needed, customers should have easy access to convenient, high-quality repair services. Apple provides multiple repair options through Apple Store locations, Apple Authorized Service Providers, Independent Repair Providers, and Self Service Repair. We’ve expanded our repair services — nearly doubling the number of professional service locations that have access to genuine Apple parts, tools, and training. Genuine Apple parts are available for purchase by independent repair providers and customers through the Self Service Repair Store or a Genuine Parts Distributor. We also continue to expand coverage by offering repair service at our customers’ homes and offices in select cities across the United States.
Our Independent Repair Provider program has enabled thousands of independent repair businesses of all sizes to access genuine Apple parts, tools, diagnostics, and training. The Independent Repair Providers, along with a global network of thousands of Apple Authorized Service Providers, represent a workforce of service technicians offering support to customers who need repairs.
We introduced Self Service Repair to provide individuals who have the knowledge and experience to repair electronic devices with access to repair manuals and genuine Apple parts and tools through the Apple Self Service Repair Store. Self Service Repair is available in the United States and parts of Europe. Apple Diagnostics for Self Service Repair became available in Europe following its introduction to the United States. Apple Diagnostics troubleshooting sessions give customers the same ability as Apple Authorized Service Providers and Independent Repair Providers to test devices for optimal part functionality and performance, as well as to identify parts that may need repair.
12. Does Apple offer recycling?
Apple provides product take-back and recycling collection programs in 99% of the countries where we sell products. Apple Trade In lets customers recycle any Apple device, batteries, and electronic products for free. We also offer free, on-demand packaging recycling for our commercial, education, and institutional customers. When we receive a device, it is thoroughly inspected and assessed for reuse or recycling. Select end-of-life devices collected in select regions will be sent to our disassembly robots to efficiently reclaim valuable materials.
For more information about how to recycle devices, visit our Reuse and Recycling Program site.
13. How does Apple safeguard people and the environment in its supply chain?
The Apple Supplier Code of Conduct outlines the high standards our suppliers must meet for labor and human rights, health and safety, environmental protections, management systems, and ethics. We require that all suppliers doing business with Apple adhere to our Supplier Code of Conduct and the associated Supplier Responsibility Standards. One way that we enforce the Code is to conduct rigorous assessments, reviewing over 500 criteria. If a violation of our Code is identified, we require our suppliers to take prompt action, and we partner with them to help improve their operations and help prevent a reoccurrence. To learn more, visit our Supply Chain Innovation website.
14. Does Apple have an ISO 14001 certification?
Yes. Apple operates a manufacturing facility in Cork, Ireland, and we certify 100% of this facility with ISO 14001. The full certification is included in the appendix of our 2026 Environmental Progress Report (PDF), opens in new tab.
15. How does Apple comply with the European Union Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive?
Where Apple is deemed the producer of electronic equipment in the European Union, we comply with the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive. To comply with national take-back and recycling requirements stemming from the EU WEEE Directive, Apple is a member of Producer Compliance Schemes in every country in which we have an obligation. Product information guides — provided with the product and found at support.apple.com/manuals — include information about the meaning of the wheelie bin symbol applied to products and packaging and information about how to properly dispose of electronic waste. Upon request, Apple also provides recyclers with technical information to assist with treatment and recycling. As indicated on our Apple Trade In website under More Ways to Recycle, independent recycling professionals can obtain removal instructions for the battery and other components requiring selective treatment by contacting Apple Support. Apple also participates in the I4R Platform, the Information for Recyclers platform by DIGITALEUROPE, APPLiA, and the WEEE Forum, where recyclers can access recycling information at a product category level. Apple publishes disassembly instructions for recyclers at apple.com/recycling/recycler-guides to help enable them to optimize safe recycling and raw material recovery from Apple products, including recovery of CRMs.
16. How is Apple implementing the EU’s Energy Labelling regulation?
We support regulations that encourage product longevity and energy efficiency as they are key ways companies can help protect the environment. Apple is committed to complying with the Energy Labelling requirements for smartphones and tablets under the EU regulation 2023/1669, effective on June 20, 2025. The energy label is designed to provide metrics on energy efficiency, repairability, and durability for consumers. Details on the methodology choices Apple made to arrive at its scores for iPhone and iPad are available in our EU Energy Label for iPhone and iPad (PDF), opens in new tab white paper.